Basic Technique Example — Gun (Rolling) Technique

Tui Na – Gun Fa (Rolling Technique)

Gun Fa is a Tui Na technique involving continuous rolling movements on the body surface using the back of the hand or the forearm. It provides deep, uniform stimulation to muscles and tissues. The following are the essential aspects of its application:

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I. Technique and Key Movements

1. Posture and Positioning

• Practitioner: Stands naturally with shoulders relaxed, elbows hanging loosely, elbows flexed at approximately 120°, forearms and hands relaxed. The body leans forward slightly to transfer power from the torso to the arms.

• Contact Area: Typically uses the ulnar side (little finger side) of the back of the hand or the forearm near the wrist. Avoid bony prominences such as the spinous processes of the spine.

2. Force Application

• Wrist Flexion/Extension and Forearm Rotation: The rolling motion is driven by coordinated wrist flexion (approx. 90°) and forearm pronation/supination, producing a smooth, wave-like movement.

• Rhythm and Frequency: Maintain a rolling frequency of approximately 120–160 times per minute, with steady, gentle pressure that penetrates into deeper tissues.

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II. Operational Steps

1. Preparation: Ensure the patient is in a comfortable position, with the treatment area exposed. The practitioner warms up and relaxes the hands.

2. Initial Contact: Lightly place the ulnar side of the hand or forearm on the skin, maintaining moderate pressure.

3. Rolling Movement: Use wrist flexion to move the hand forward, then wrist extension to return, creating a rhythmic, wave-like rolling motion.

4. Gliding: While rolling, gradually move across the treatment area to ensure full coverage.

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III. Precautions

1. Pressure Control: Adjust pressure according to the patient’s constitution—firmer on muscular areas, lighter for the elderly, children, or frail individuals.

2. Contraindicated Areas: Avoid bony protrusions, joints, open wounds, tumors, and the lumbosacral region in pregnant women.

3. Skin Protection: Use massage oil or a suitable medium before treatment to reduce friction and protect the skin.

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IV. Functions and Indications

• Effects: Relaxes muscles and tendons, relieves spasms and pain, and promotes blood circulation.

• Indications: Soft tissue injuries and chronic pain conditions such as frozen shoulder, lumbar muscle strain, and cervical spondylosis.

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V. Common Mistakes

• Stiff Movements: Relying only on the arm instead of using body strength, leading to practitioner fatigue.

• Inconsistent Speed: Jerky or uneven pacing reduces effectiveness and therapeutic depth.

• Excessive Pressure: Overpressing may cause subcutaneous bruising.

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Mastery of Gun Fa requires repeated practice to ensure smooth movements, effective pressure transmission, and a pain-free experience for the patient, thereby achieving optimal therapeutic results.